Granular systems, at temperatures where charging effects are important, are studied by means of an effective medium approximation. The intragrain charging energy leads to insulating behavior at low temperatures, with a well defined Coulomb gap. Nonequilibrium effects can give rise to a zero-temperature transition between a metallic, gapless phase, and an insulating phase.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Arovas et al. (2003) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context: