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We present a direct observation of nanoscale ferroelectric domain pinning centers in lithium niobate crystals. A high-voltage atomic force microscope has been used to tailor nanodomain structures in LiNbO3 crystal with high defect concentration. Domain pinning and depinning events have been captured following thermally induced domain decay process. The pinning centers’ influence on the domain wall dynamics has been analyzed by comparing domain growth in stoichiometric and congruent LiNbO3 crystals.
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Agronin et al. (2006) studied this question.
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