Diffraction losses in one-dimensional photonic crystal (PC) waveguides are the primary limitation on second-harmonic (SH) conversion efficiency. By using a finite difference time domain (FDTD) code taking into account second-order nonlinear polarization, we investigated these losses numerically, particularly at the SH wavelength. We propose an efficient SH conversion scheme in AlₓGa_1-xAs/air-etched waveguides. An analytical model is used to extrapolate the conversion efficiency to a number of periods for which time consumption makes the FDTD codes unsuitable.
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Dumeige et al. (2003) studied this question.
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