In the approximation in which the nuclei are fixed in space, the electric current density induced in a molecule or solid by a uniform external magnetic field →B is shown to have the form →J=∇×→k where, to first order in →B, →k=(e²→B2mc)Σi^gᵢ(→r). There is one function gᵢ for each electron. These functions are independent of the gauge of the vector potential, and they are determined by the zero-field configuration-space probability density.
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G. W. Parker (1978) studied this question.
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