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Fluorine doping has been used to obtain vapor-phase-axial-deposited (VAD) single-mode fibers with a loss less than 0.20 dB/km at 1.55 mu m. A nonshifted design in which fluorine dopant was added mainly to the cladding and only slightly to the pure silica core part was fabricated with high yield. A similar approach has been successfully applied to dispersion-shifted fibers with a dual-shape-core index profile with encouraging results for reducing the transmission loss down to 0.20 dB/km.>
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Ogai et al. (1988) studied this question.
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