Rethinking RAN Architecture for Deep Fusion of AI and Communication in 6G

The deep integration of artificial intelligence (AI) with the radio access network (RAN) is envisioned to revolutionize mobile communications as we progress toward 6G. This article first explores the enhancement of the AI functional framework for intelligent RAN optimization and automation. It also investigates the role of RAN in enhancing connectivity, and in providing additional computing and data services which are essential for pervasive intelligence in the 6G era. Subsequently, we investigate the design principles of RAN architecture, and propose the potential RAN architecture that enables the deep integration of AI and communication. The potential impacts of standardization are also analyzed. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed RAN architecture, we present a case study on the joint optimization of communication and computing for AI service performance assurance, supported by lab test results.