Design, Visualization, and Utilization of Enzyme Microstructures Built on Solid Surfaces

Introduction II. Methods of building enzyme microstructures II. 1. Building enzyme microstructures by indirect methods II. 1.1. Photolithography II. 1.2. Other methods II.2. Building enzyme microstructures by active placement 11.2.1. Dispensing droplets of protein solution 11.2.2. Other methods 11.2.3. Building enzyme microstructures using a flowthrough microdispenser III. Visualization of enzyme microstructures III.l Visualization of enzyme microstructures by scanning electrochemical microscopy IV. Applications of enzyme microstructures V.