This paper reviews research studies that compare client outcome of institutional versus alternative placements. No conclusions about long term across the board clear cut superiority of one type of placement over the other can be drawn. An outcome model of rehabilitation effectiveness for both institutional and alternative settings is proposed to assess the impact of institutional and community settings on four fundamental rehabilitation outcomes: (1) client skill gain, (2) client/society benefits, (3) client quality of life, and (4) client satisfaction with services.
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Dellario et al. (1981) studied this question.
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