Recent progress of perovskite devices fabricated using thermal evaporation method: Perspective and outlook

Metal halide perovskites have been studied in semiconductor fields such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and solar cells owing to their simple manufacturing, high optoelectronic performance, and low manufacturing cost. In this regard, spin-coating method facilitates the fabrication of perovskite devices. However, the spin-coating method for perovskite film deposition is difficult to finely control the thickness and form a uniform surface. Thus. the thermal evaporation method was proposed to overcome these shortcomings. This method provides better reproducibility and film quality than the spin-coating method. In this review, the spin-coating method and thermal evaporation method used to manufacture perovskite thin films will be explained. Moreover, the basic principles of perovskite devices (LEDs, solar cells, memory, X-ray detectors) are explained, and research on perovskite devices developed using thermal evaporation is summarized.