Improved photodynamic activities of liposome-incorporated [60]fullerene derivatives bearing a polar group

[60]Fullerene (C60) derivatives were incorporated into liposomes using a fullerene exchange method involving the transfer of the fullerene from the cavity of two γ-cyclodextrin molecules to a liposome. A lipid-membrane-incorporated C60 derivative bearing a polar group showed much higher photodynamic activity than the analogous system incorporating pristine C60.