This case highlights that Coxsackie B viral infection can present with severe hemorrhagic pericardial and pleural effusions in children, which can be successfully managed with drainage and anti-inflammatory therapy.
May prompt viral testing in children with hemorrhagic tamponade; leaves open steroid role in Coxsackie myopericarditis.
We report an 11-year-old female child presenting with hemorrhagic pericardial effusion causing cardiac tamponade along with moderate left ventricular dysfunction, who screened positive for Coxsackie B infection in the setting of cough, shortness of breath, and chest pain. She needed emergency pericardiocentesis. She also had massive bilateral hemorrhagic pleural effusions requiring bilateral chest drains placement. With a presumed diagnosis of acute myopericarditis, she was treated with steroids and ibuprofen. She made a full recovery without any further recurrence of pericardial or pleural effusion.
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Maram et al. (2022) studied this question.
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