Food consumption of northern pike (Esox lucius L.), estimated with a bioenergetics model

A bioenergetics model was used to estimate the food consumption of northern pike ( Esox lucius L.) in two lakes in northeastern Finland, and the results compared with those obtained by a method based on stomach contents and gastric evacuation rates. The annual specific food consumption was 7–5 g per one gram pike for one‐ and two‐year‐old pike, and 4–3 g g −1 in age groups 3–6 years old, according to the bioenergetics model. The proportion of ingested food used for growth was 10–30%, and was highest in the youngest age groups. The food consumption rates estimated by the stomach contents method were considerably lower, only about half those produced by the bioenergetics model. The method based on stomach contents tends to underestimate the food consumption. The bioenergetics model was considered more valid for estimating food consumption, but some of the parameter values for northern pike may differ in populations from different latitudes. According to a sensitivity analysis, the food consumption estimate of the bioenergetics model was most sensitive to parameters in the allometric function for respiration.