The influence of macrolide antibiotics on nitric oxide (NO) generation was examined using human nasal polyp fibroblasts (NPFs) in vitro. Addition of roxithromycin (RXM) at a concentration of > 7.5 microg/ml to cell cultures was shown to suppress NO production in response to stimulation with 25.0 ng/ml tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha. However, jyosamycin (JM) did not suppress NO production from NPFs induced by TNF-alpha stimulation in vitro, even when added to cell cultures at a concentration of 20.0 microg/ml. We then examined the influence of RXM on inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA expression in NPFs. Addition of RXM at a dose of 7.5 microg/ml to cell cultures caused reduction of iNOS mRNA expression, which was enhanced by TNF-alpha stimulation in vitro.
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Asano et al. (2003) studied this question.
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