Methods for the determination of glucose in blood. Part 1

The chronological development of destructive and nondestructive methods designed to determine the glucose concentration in plasma, serum, and whole blood is presented in the review. Destructive procedures are divided into spectrophotometric, spectrofluorimetric, diffraction, amperometric, potentiometric, conductometric, chromatographic, gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric, titrimetric, and calorimetric, as well as procedures of reflectance photometry. A brief overview of these methods and the results of comparative tests are given; the procedures are systematized. It is noted that certain types of enzymatic spectrophotometric and amperometric methods have gained wide acceptance for analyses in clinical diagnostic laboratories. Outside clinical laboratories, enzymatic amperometric and spectrophotometric procedures and reflectance photometry procedures using test strips are widely used. Chromatography-mass spectrometry procedures are often applied to certify standard serum samples. Spectrofluorimetric, diffraction, and chromatographic techniques are common in scientific biomedical research. Nondestructive methods like nonenzymatic spectrophotometric, nonenzymatic amperometric, potentiometric, conductometric, titrimetric, and calorimetric procedures, as well as a number of enzymatic spectrophotometric procedures, in most cases, are not used in modern clinical and diagnostic practice.