The process of thermoforming of foam sheet is analyzed using both finite element modeling and experiments. A simple constitutive model for finite tensile deformations of closed cellular material around its glass transition temperature is proposed, starting from well‐known results from Gibson and Ashby (1988). The model is implemented in a finite element code and applied in isothermal vacuum forming simulations. The distributions of thickness and in plane strains are in adequate accordance to the experimental results.
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Akkerman et al. (1999) studied this question.
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