Effect of regulating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ on soluble endoglin expression in first-trimester trophoblasts

Objective To investigate the effect of regulating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) on soluble endoglin (sEng) expression in first-trimester trophoblasts via an in vitro study. Methods Chorionic villus were collected from 20 samples of first-trimester artificial abortion in Peking University First Hospital from July 1st to 31st, 2016. Primary culture of trophoblast cells was performed. Trophoblast cells from each sample were divided into three groups, which were PPARγ antagonist group, PPARγ antagonist and PPARγ agonist group, and control group. Supernatant sEng level was detected in each group by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Paired-sample t test was used for statistical analysis. Results Compared with the control group, trophoblast cells in the PPARγ antagonist group grew slower and were reduced in number. No significant difference in growth or morphology of trophoblast cells was observed between the PPARγ antagonist and PPARγ agonist group and the control group. Supernatant sEng level was elevated in the PPARγ antagonist group, but was not significantly changed in the PPARγ antagonist and PPARγ agonist group as compared with that in the control group [(124.1±23.8) vs (94.0±12.7) pg/ml, t=4.31, P<0.05; (87.1±10.6) vs (94.0±12.7) pg/ml, t=1.62, P=0.12). Conclusions Suppression of PPARγ promotes sEng expression in trophoblast cells and that can be reversed by PPARγ agonist.