We have examined effects of surface cleaning and X‐ray irradiation in XPS study of polymers. Contamination‐free surfaces of polymer samples for XPS study were successfully prepared by ultrasonic washing in organic solvents. Polymers were revealed to have lower surface chemical activity than metal and semiconductor crystals. The degradation behavior of polymers induced by X‐ray irradiation was found to be different from thermal degradation processes. Polymers like PET, polyimide, and PAN have high stability against X‐ray irradiation in XPS measurement. On the other hand, we must take degradation into consideration in XPS measurement for polymers such as PTFE and nylon because of their low stability against X‐ray irradiation. For an extremely X‐ray‐sensitive polymer like nitrocellulose, a quantitative XPS study cannot be carried out.
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Takahagi et al. (1990) studied this question.
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