Mitigating the risk of overdosing TMS due to coil-to-scalp distance: An electric field modeling study

Motor threshold (MT) dosing is a cornerstone of safe and effective transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), with prior research showing that underdosing stimulation over the prefrontal cortex in depression can result in lower response and remission rates [1,2]. However, it is unclear what to do when the motor threshold value might not translate to an accurate prefrontal stimulation intensity. In clinical practice and experimental settings, an often overlooked factor that could impact appropriate dosing is hairstyle.