This paper reviews the most recent trends in research and development in electrochemical machining (ECM). ECM has been applied in industries such as aerospace, automobile and defence. The process advantages of ECM rendering the technology more applicable in other industries, especially where complicated shapes of parts and high reliability are expected. In this paper advances in ECM are presented and discussed in fields such as: micro-ECM, pulsed-ECM, ECM tool design and hybrid ECM processes. The environmental implications for ECM are explored. Machining of highly passivating and non-conductive materials is discussed. Innovative ECM applications are described.
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