A liquid-core waveguide (LCW) with pure water as core material has been fabricated by coating the inner core of a glass tube with Teflon AF® 2400. Its guiding properties are proven and the guiding losses are determined to be 0.016 dB/cm. A first theoretical model is proposed and its validity is shown by comparing theoretical and experimental results. As an example for application the LCW system is used for optical pH-value control. The proposed LCW system exhibits the same accuracy for pH-value determination as commercial electrochemical pH meters.
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Dress et al. (1997) studied this question.
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