The role of fetal movement counting and ‘kick charts’ to reduce stillbirths in pregnancies ≥28 weeks’ gestation

Background Stillbirths represent a significant global issue, with 2.6 million cases reported in 2015. Stillbirths are often unexplained and preceded by changes in fetal movement patterns. Fetal movement counting methods may be used to monitor maternally perceived fetal movement to identify pregnancies at increased risk. Aims This article reports on an in-depth, evidence-based practice review conducted to investigate the relationship between fetal movement counting and stillbirth rates. Methods A comprehensive search of online databases was undertaken to identify relevant literature using keywords. The results were then appraised. Findings Although a lack of conclusive evidence exists to support or refute the routine implementation of fetal movement counting to reduce stillbirth, indirect evidence suggests that increased maternal and professional awareness of fetal movement may assist in reducing stillbirth rates. Conclusions Further research is required to develop an appropriate definition of reduced fetal movement, and to determine the potential implications of fetal movement counting as a diagnostic screening tool to reduce stillbirths.