A novel control design for delayed teleoperation based on delay-scheduled Lyapunov–Krasovskii functionals

This paper addresses the controller design problem for bilateral teleoperation over unreliable networks. The stability and tracking performance analyses are presented for a novel force-reflecting emulator control scheme. The performance (stability, synchronisation, transparency) is guaranteed by H∞ control theory and delay-scheduled Lyapunov–Krasovskii functionals (LKF), which could improve the existing stability criterion. The design is achieved by using linear matrix inequality optimisation. For the simulation, first, numerical examples are given to demonstrate the effectiveness and benefits of the delay-scheduled LKF-based stability results; second, the proposed controller design solution is illustrated by various simulations and compared with other recent approaches under different working conditions, e.g. abrupt tracking motion and wall contact.