Low-temperature annealing with CaH 2 reduced a perovskite LaNiO 3 thin film to a c -axis oriented LaNiO 2 thin film with an infinite-layer structure. X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopy measurements revealed that a further annealing caused oxygen rearrangement that changed the c -axis oriented LaNiO 2 to an a -axis oriented LaNiO 2 thin film consisting of a twin structure without changing the monovalent Ni oxidation state. The NiO 2 infinite-layer planes in the a -axis oriented and c -axis oriented LaNiO 2 thin films are perpendicular to each other.
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Kawai et al. (2010) studied this question.
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