Key result
Increasing severity of aortic coarctation in fluid-structure interaction models resulted in higher velocity jets, increased pressure gradients, and altered wall shear stress indices.
Why the study?
Wall shear stress cannot be measured clinically and no specific routine exists for managing CoA regarding its severity, requiring computational tools to evaluate hemodynamics.
How do different degrees of aortic coarctation severity affect wall shear stress indices and local hemodynamics in a fluid-solid interaction model?
How do different degrees of aortic coarctation severity affect wall shear stress indices and local hemodynamics in a fluid-solid interaction model?
Computational fluid-solid interaction modeling demonstrates that increasing severity of aortic coarctation significantly alters local hemodynamics, which may help identify high-risk regions for vascular complications and inform the timing of interventions.
Model predictions of altered jets and shear stress in coarctation require clinical validation; leaves open translation to risk assessment.
Coarctation of the aorta (CoA) is a congenital tightening of the proximal descending aorta. Flow quantification can be immensely valuable for an early and accurate diagnosis. However, there is a lack of appropriate diagnostic approaches for a variety of cardiovascular diseases, such as CoA. An accurate understanding of the disease depends on measurements of the global haemodynamics (criteria for heart function) and also the local haemodynamics (detailed data on the dynamics of blood flow). Playing a significant role in clinical processes, wall shear stress (WSS) cannot be measured clinically; thus, computation tools are needed to give an insight into this crucial haemodynamic parameter. In the present study, in order to enable the progress of non-invasive approaches that quantify global and local haemodynamics for different CoA severities, innovative computational blueprint simulations that include fluid-solid interaction (FSI) models are developed. Since there is no specific routine for managing the CoA regarding its severity, this study investigates haemodynamics in regions where clinicians do not have any information that would help physicians introduce a framework when and where initiating the intervention.
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Rafieianzab et al. (2021) studied Aortic coarctation (n=3). Coarctation severity (25%, 50%, 75%) was evaluated on Hemodynamic parameters (velocity, pressure, TAWSS, OSI, HOLMES, RRT). Increasing severity of aortic coarctation in fluid-structure interaction models resulted in higher velocity jets, increased pressure gradients, and altered wall shear stress indices.
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