In the late 1970s, a new pattern of criminality appeared: the illegal disposal of toxic wastes by previously legitimate waste oil dealers, especially by selling a mixture of liquid toxic wastes and waste oils as fuel oil. This pattern of crime was caused by changes in the social conditions determining economic self‐interest in the petroleum industry, and by changes in the criminal law regarding the disposal of toxic wastes. Official crime rates have remained low despite widespread criminal behaviors because of the power of affected industries to limit the enforcement of criminal laws.
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Block et al. (1988) studied this question.
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