The Use of Electromagnetic Induction in Locating Graves and Mapping Cemeteries: an Example from Native North America

One of the most popular applications of geophysics to archaeological problems has been to locate unmarked graves and map cemeteries. Although electromagnetic (EM) induction was one of the early techniques used in such applications, alternative techniques such as ground‐penetrating radar and resistivity have become more popular in recent years. Despite some of the method's drawbacks the EM method still presents numerous advantages such as speed in data collection and collection in a variety of survey environments and ground cover. A case study from Ocmulgee National Monument, USA is presented that identified numerous anomalies that may be interpreted as Native American burials. Small anomalies having low apparent conductivity were distributed near the Funeral Mound (Mound C); a known cemetery. The conductivity survey redefined the spatial extent of the cemetery and increased our understanding of burial density. The data collected during the 2010 field season will aid in conservation efforts and help the US National Park Service avoid these sensitive materials during future archaeological work and park management.