Key result
Anaesthetics significantly reduced the incidence of overall adverse events compared with placebo (OR 0.57; 95% CI 0.38-0.84).
Why the study?
Do anaesthetics reduce postoperative physiological reactions and adverse events compared with placebo in surgical patients?
Meta-Analysis (n=3,616)
Do anaesthetics reduce postoperative physiological reactions and adverse events compared with placebo in surgical patients?
The use of anaesthetics during surgery is associated with a decreased incidence of overall postoperative adverse events compared to placebo, though specific protective effects on physiological reactions remain unclear.
Supports anaesthetic use to reduce adverse events; confirms benefit in aggregated randomized data.
This study aimed to systematically investigate the effects of different anaesthetics on postoperative physiological reactions compared with placebo. The literature search was conducted using three databases: PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library. Studies published from January 1990 to January 2015 were screened. The language was restricted to English. Heterogeneity was analyzed by the Q test and I(2) statistic. A fixed-effect model was used for homogenous data and a random-effects model for heterogeneous data. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to monitor the incidences of overall adverse events, arterial blood pressure, and cardiac abnormalities. Sensitivity analysis was performed to estimate the strength of the meta-analysis, and publication bias was analyzed using Egger's test. A total of 24 articles were included in this meta-analysis. There were 1,810 and 1,806 cases in the anaesthetic group and the placebo group, respectively. The incidence of overall adverse events was significantly lower in the anaesthetic group compared with the placebo group (OR = 0.57; 95% CI, 0.38-0.84). No publication bias was observed, and no inverse estimates were calculated using sensitivity analysis. There was no significant difference for the incidence of arterial blood pressure (OR = 4.62; 95% CI, 0.90-23.70) and cardiac abnormalities (OR = 1.18; 95% CI, 0.53-2.63) between the two groups. Although the incidence of overall adverse events was decreased in the anaesthetic group, it is impossible to determine whether the use of anaesthetics during surgical operation has a protective effect on postoperative physiological reactions.
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Wang et al. (2015) conducted a meta-analysis in postoperative physiological reactions (n=3,616). Anaesthetics vs. Placebo was evaluated on overall adverse events (OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.38-0.84). Anaesthetics significantly reduced the incidence of overall adverse events compared with placebo (OR 0.57; 95% CI 0.38-0.84).
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