Pneumomediastinum is a condition in which air is seen in the mediastinum as a result of perforation of the respiratory system or digestive system organs. Pneumomediastinum is analysed in two groups as spontaneous (SPM) and secondary. While the cause of primary pneumomediastinum cannot be fully explained, air is seen in the mediastinum due to an underlying cause in secondary pneumomediastinum. For example, it can be seen in respiratory diseases (bronchiectasis, interstitial lung diseases, pulmonary cysts and lung malignancies), especially asthma with acute exacerbations and cough crises, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
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Ercan et al. (2025) studied this question.
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