Institutional Transformation of Primary Agricultural Cooperative Societies in Punjab

As of 2020, there were 65,113 PACS in India, covering over 13 crore farmers.The total membership of PACS in the country is around 14.5 crore, with an average membership of 2,200 per PACS.The total business turnover of PACS is around Rs. 1.5 lakh crore, with an average business turnover of Rs. 2.3 crore per PACS.PACS disbursed around Rs. 1.2 lakh crore as credit to farmers in 2020-21, with an average credit disbursement of Rs. 1.8 crore per PACS.The recovery rate of PACS is around 80 per cent, indicating a high level of repayment discipline among farmers.Maharashtra leads among the states with higher number of PACS i.e. 13,144 followed by Uttar Pradesh (12,444), Madhya Pradesh (9,444), Bihar (8,444) and Andhra Pradesh (7,444).The membership also shows the same trend in these top 5 states ranging from 2.5 crore members in Maharashtra to 1.3 crore members in Andhra Pradesh (NABARD, 2021).Punjab is one of the leading states in India in terms of PACS performance.A study by the Punjab State Cooperative Bank found that the average credit disbursed per member by PACS in Punjab increased from Rs. 30,000 in 2015-16 to Rs. 45,000 in 2019-20 indicating a growth of 50 per cent, In Punjab, the average supply of inputs per member PACS has