A study was conducted to look at the interaction of in-plane and out-of-plane compressive failure modes of graphite/epoxy. In the study, 75 six-ply graphite/epoxy tubes were manufactured and tested in uniaxial compression. Failure stresses and modes were determined and compared with those predicted from an in-plane fracture criterion and an equilibrium shell analysis. There were large discrepancies between the experimental results and these theoretical predictions. These predictions did not account for a failure mode exhibited by several laminates: individual plies and delaminating away from the remaining plies. A buckling model is introduced to explain these discrepancies. There is good correlation between the experimental failure modes and stresses with the feasible failure region defined by this ply model.
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Vizzini et al. (1985) studied this question.
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