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KTiOPO4 samples were implanted with 80, 120, and 150 keV H+ ions to fluences of 5 × 1016 ions/cm2 at room temperature. The modes in KTiOPO4 samples were measured by a model 2010 prism coupler. From one to a few modes were observed. The number of modes observed depends on the energy. The present results show that the waveguide formation in KTiOPO4 samples is possible by using low energy H+ implantation. Compared with MeV light ion implanted waveguides, it is a low cost, simple and more useful method. Multi-energy implantation is needed to reduce the tunneling loss.
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Wang et al. (2001) studied this question.
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