How to avoid interface problems in acute noninvasive ventilation

Summary Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) applied via different interfaces is increasingly used in the treatment of acute respiratory failure. One of the key factors determining the success of NIV is the choice of interface. Interface selection, fitting and handling can be challenging as NIV application can be complicated by discomfort, air leaks, skin damage or conjunctivitis. The aim of this article is to provide practical information on interface choice, technical aspects of mask fitting and prevention of mask-related problems during the acute delivery of NIV. Educational aims To help the reader to recognise the different features of interfaces and to discuss common interface-related problems To provide practical recommendations to facilitate the choice and application of interfaces in order to reduce complications