FINDNCS: a program to detect non-crystallographic symmetries in protein crystals from heavy-atom sites

In order to facilitate applications of averaging techniques in the MIR/MAD procedure, a program, FINDNCS , which automatically identifies non-crystallographic symmetry (NCS) from heavy-atom sites, has been developed. The program outputs the NCS operations (a rotation matrix and a translation vector), the corresponding root-mean-square (r.m.s.) deviations of heavy-atom sites, polar angles and screw translations, and writes coordinates of matching sites in Protein Data Bank (PDB) format. The program has an interface with the graphics program O [Jones et al . (1991). Acta Cryst. A 47 , 110–119] so that the NCS operations can be displayed automatically. In the test examples, all the correct NCS operations were identified and were above the noise solutions.