Optimum germination of Iva annua seeds occur at 15° C. Temperature and salinity interact in their effect on germination. Increases in osmotic concentration of media cause a gradual decrease in germination percentages at optimal temperatures. Sodium chloride, the most common salt in saline areas occupied by I. annua, has an osmotic rather than a toxic effect on germination.
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Ungar et al. (1970) studied this question.
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