The Use of Seclusion

Seclusion remains a widely used technique of emergency management in psychiatric institutions. Theoretical justification for its employment includes the need for safety and containment and decreases in stimulation, both sensory and interpersonal. Little evidence testifies to its effectiveness. The literature on patterns of seclusion is reviewed, as are studies of patients' attitudes towards it, which appear largely negative. The implications of these findings for current practice are considered.