Defining Physical Efforts

Section 1 discusses problems with chief existing definitions of effort. Section 2 introduces the force-based account of efforts. Section 3 introduces three central distinctions stemming from the account. Section 4 presents one chief objection to the theory, to the effect that the force-based theory cannot account for the difficulty of efforts. Section 5 argues thatBradford (2015)’s account of difficulty cannot account for the difficulty of efforts. Section 6 & 7 develop a novel account of effort’s difficulty.