Flaxseed oil fraction reverses cardiac remodeling at a molecular level: improves cardiac function, decreases apoptosis, and suppresses miRNA-29b and miRNA 1 gene expression

Figures

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  Fig. 1. Effect of 28-day pretreatment with flaxseed oil on: [A] BNP and [B] NT-pro-BNP in isoproterenol-induced cardiac remodeling in rats. Data are represented as mean ± S.D. n = 8. Statistical analysis was performed utilizing one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test. The level of significance was set at p < 0.01. (a) is significantly different from the corresponding control group; (b) is significantly different from the corresponding isoproterenol-challenged group. ISO: isoproterenol; BNP: Brain Natriuretic Peptide, NT-pro-BNP: N Terminal of pro-B type Brain Natriuretic Peptide

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  Fig. 2. Effect of 28-day pretreatment with flaxseed oil on: [A] Endothelin-1; [B] Topo 2B; [C] Lp-PLA2 and [D] MMP9 in isoproterenol-induced cardiac remodeling in rats. Data are represented as mean ± S.D. n = 8. Statistical analysis was performed utilizing one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test. The level of significance was set at p < 0.01. (a) is significantly different from the corresponding control group; (b) is significantly different from the corresponding isoproterenol-challenged group. Topo 2B: Topoisomerase 2 beta; Lp-PLA2: Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A2, MMP9: N Matrix metalloproteinase 9

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  Fig. 3. Effect of 28-day pretreatment with flaxseed oil on: [A] cTnI and [B] cTnT in isoproterenol-induced cardiac remodeling in rats. Data are represented as mean ± S.D. n = 8. Statistical analysis was performed utilizing one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test. The level of significance was set at p < 0.01. (a) is significantly different from the corresponding control group; (b) is significantly different from the corresponding isoproterenol-challenged group. cTnI: cardiac Troponin I; cTnT: cardiac Troponin T

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  Fig. 4. Effect of 28-day pretreatment with flaxseed oil on the expression of: [A] miRNA-1 and [B] miRNA-29 in isoproterenol-induced cardiac remodeling in rats. Data are represented as mean ± S.D. n = 3. Statistical analysis was performed utilizing one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test. The level of significance was set at p < 0.01. (a) is significantly different from the corresponding control group; (b) is significantly different from the corresponding isoproterenol-challenged group