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Target strengths of a submerged target, believed to be a sperm whale, Physeter catodon, were measured with the use of a calibrated passive sonobuoy and explosive charges. Measurements of 148 sperm whale echolocation clicks in a 13-oct band having a center frequency of 1 kHz resulted in an average source level of 73.5 dB // 1 dyn/cm2 with a standard deviation of 3.51 dB.
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J. Lawrence Dunn (1969) studied this question.
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