According to the 1981 Census of Canada, the female rate of pay is 30 percent less than the male rate. The average female wage offer, however, is only around one-half of that received by males, other things being equal. Slightly more than one-half of the difference in observed wages can be explained by diffe rences in wage-related characteristics between males and females. Two- fifths of the disparity between wage offers can be explained by the same set of factors. Analysis of the distribution of wage offers indicates greater wage inequality in the Canadian labor market than suggested by study of observed wages.
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Paul W. Miller (1987) studied this question.