Stochastic order parameter equation of isometric force production revealed by drift-diffusion estimates

We address two questions that are central to understanding human motor control variability: what kind of dynamical components contribute to motor control variability (i.e., deterministic and/or random ones), and how are those components structured? To this end, we derive a stochastic order parameter equation for isometric force production from experimental data using drift-diffusion estimates. We show that the force variability increases with the required force output because of a decrease of deterministic stability and an accompanying increase of noise intensity. A structural analysis reveals that the deterministic component consists of a linear control loop, while the random component involves a noise source that scales with force output. In addition, we present evidence for the existence of a subject-independent overall noise level of human isometric force production.