Hybrid Vlasov–Fokker–Planck–Maxwell simulations of fast electron transport and the time dependance ofK-shell excitation in a mid-Zmetallic target

Using a hybrid Vlasov–Fokker–Planck–Maxwell code coupled to calculations using a modified relativistic binary-encounter Bethe model of ionizing collisions we study the time and space dependence of K α photon generation by a fast electron beam injected into a solid density copper plasma target. The electron beam is chosen to be representative of that expected to be generated by a picosecond duration, ∼10 19 W cm −2 intensity laser. K α photons are produced as electrons reflux laterally across the target and are slowed and thermalized by collisions with, and Ohmic heating of, the background fluid over a ∼10 ps timescale, which dictates the timescale for K α emission. The results show reasonable agreement with recent experimental results in terms of both the yield and time dependance. We show how lateral expansion of the electrons can be imaged in the K α radiation.