Non‐Darcy type flow of water through a porous ceramic filter of 0.1µ pore diameter was shown to be caused by osmotic effects. When osmotic effects were accounted for, the flow rate through the filter was proportional to the pressure gradient, indicating that water flow was viscous and not plastic as has been previously reported. Threshold effects, if present, were small. The permeability, calculated by using the viscosity‐density ratio for bulk water, was invariant with temperature.
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Ray D. Jackson (1967) studied this question.