Effect of Rhythmic Breathing Technique on Pain Level among Patients Undergoing Cardiac Catheterization

Background: Pain is common in critically ill patients, inadequate pain relief post cardiac catheterization delays recovery and lead to increased workload of heart and increased hospital stays. Rhythmic breathing is simple, low cost, non-invasive technique and effective in reducing the pain severity. Aim of this study is conducted to examine the effect of rhythmic breathing technique on the pain intensity of patient after cardiac catheter. Design: A quasi-experimental design was used. Setting: this study was conducted in cardiac catheterization unit at Beni-Suef University Hospital. Sample: A purposive sample of (90) patients undergoing cardiac catheterization. Tools: Three tools were used Assessment interview questionnaire sheet includes personal data, Numerical rating pain intensity scale, Critical Care Pain Observation Tool. Results: there was a high statistically significant effect of rhythmic breathing technique on the pain intensity among study group after cardiac catheterization. Conclusion: the study concluded that the use of rhythmic breathing techniques among study group is effective in reducing the pain intensity after cardiac catheterization. Recommendation that Training program should be applied for critical care nurses on rhythmic breathing technique and use them as a part of usual routine nursing care for patients after cardiac catheterization.