What if the patient says “No!” in the ambulance: An ethical perspective for assessment of capacity in the prehospital emergency setting

Is it a crucial problem for an emergency team that when a patient to whom an ambulance is called refuses emergency medical aid? In life-threatening situations, it is not only a realistic matter of life and death, but also an ethical challenge for prehospital emergency carers. It is impossible to contemplate and make recommendations in advance, for every possible situation that might arise in prehospital settings. Thinking about the ethical challenges that may be encountered, ahead of time is necessary to provide appropriate attitude.