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Two different approaches in scientific research are outlined: (1) The basic approach focuses on the discovery of a basic phenomenon and follows the principles of induction and deduction. Practical application of the knowledge gained in this process is secondary. (2) The pragmatic approach starts from a practical problem and is based on experience. Theoretical explanation is secondary. After a discussion of these general principles, the development of some diagnostic hearing tests is presented in detail.
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H. Feldmann (1983) studied this question.
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