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A study is reported examining the knowledge and skill that differentiates expert from novice operators on a complex control task – manual control of feedwater during nuclear power plant startup. The results indicate that fundamental to expert performance is a good internal model of process dynamics that is used to anticipate the course of system response. Layered over it is a set of explicit control strategies that operators have developed that allow them to manipulate process dynamics to their own advantage.
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Roth et al. (1986) studied this question.
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