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The CO–H2 reaction over ZrO2 was carried out in the presence of various organic additives. The addition of dimethyl ether, methylal, acetaldehyde, and dimethyl acetal showed the marked enhancement effects on the hydrocarbon formation keeping the high selectivity for isobutene. Ethylene was little effective. The addition of acetone, propanal, and propylene resulted in the decrease in the formation of isobutene and the increase in that of n-butenes. The presence of CO and H2 was essential to the selective formation of isobutene. The formation pathways of isobutene and the other hydrocarbons are discussed.
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Maruya et al. (1989) studied this question.
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