Development and cross-validation of a system for classifying homeless persons

The present study used cluster analysis to empirically derive and cross-validate a system for classifying homeless persons on the basis of their service needs. Variables used in the subgroup identification phase of the study included psychopathology, alcoholism, social support, socioeconomic status, and health status. Four subgroups were identified: (1) an economically disadvantaged group, (2) an alcoholic group, (3) a mentally ill group, and (4) a relatively advantaged group. Subsequent analysis revealed few differences between the four groups in background characteristics. Moreover, subgroups were similar in service willingness and utilization, with the exception of utilization and willingness to receive treatment for alcohol and mental health problems. The results suggest the need for policies and services that address the core socioeconomic needs that cut across all subgroups, as well as for additional, specialized services for those with psychiatric or alcohol problems.