Probability density function approach for multidimensional turbulentflow calculations with application to in-cylinder flows in reciprocating engines

The probability density function (pdf) method is extended to two- and three-dimensional transient turbulent flows. The numerical approach couples a Lagrangian Monte Carlo method to solve for the joint pdf of velocity and scalar compositions with an Eulerian finite-volume algorithm to calculate mean pressure and a turbulence time scale. A general approach applicable to variable-density chemically reacting flows has been taken; the present results are for nearly uniform density inert flows.