The dual transmission lines are proposed to replace conventional quarter-wavelength transmission lines for a compact microstrip branch-line coupler in this study. The developed coupler can be easily fabricated on the printed circuit board without lumped element; moreover, its size is greatly reduced compared to the conventional branch-line coupler. Furthermore, simulated and measured frequency responses match well to validate the proposed coupler with dual transmission lines.
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Tang et al. (2008) studied this question.
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